ENGLISH BASICS GRAMMAR

Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs form their past and past participle by adding ed (d). Base Verb Past Past Participle learn learned learned study studied studied cook cooked cooked solve solved solved ask asked asked watch watched watched listen listened listened Irregular verbs do not have definite rules, but there are a few patterns. Base Verb Past Past Participle grow grew grown know knew known begin began begun draw drew drawn drive drove driven fly flew flown give gave given speak spoke spoken swim swam swum go went gone take took taken find found found spend spent spent teach taught taught pay paid paid feel felt felt buy bought bought meet met met have had had feed fed fed keep kept kept cut cut cut hit hit hit set set set shut shut shut fit fit fit [Quiz 13.1] Find the past and past participle forms of the following verbs using your dictionary: bring drink think tell eat make beat ANSWERS: [13.1] brought – brought drank – drunk thought – thought told – told ate – eaten made – made beat – beaten  Gerunds A gerund (verb + ing) acts like a noun in a sentence. Seeing is believing. Running a marathon is not an easy thing to do. Watching TV is sometimes harmful. Eating is always fun. My hobby is painting. She loves babysitting her sister. I like listening to music. I wasted all my afternoon by taking a nap. I am afraid of singing a song on a stage. Often, a possessive noun or pronoun comes before a gerund. I hope that you don’t mind my using your pen. Don’t be mad about my leaving early. I don’t want you misunderstanding. You will be amazed by my writing. [Quiz 14.1] Fill in the blanks. 1)I enjoy                      (draw) as a hobby. 2)She likes                      (buy) clothes. 3)Children are fond of                      (play) with water. 4)                     (dance) is my favorite thing to do. 5)I am upset at his                      (break) the rule. ANSWERS: [14.1] 1) drawing 2) buying 3) playing 4) Dancing 5) breaking [TO BE CONTINUED]